Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) hmoov yog cov neurotransmitter endogenous uas tswj cov neuronal excitability, cov leeg nqaij, qia cell kev loj hlob, hlwb kev loj hlob, thiab mus ob peb vas. Thaum lub sij hawm txhim kho, GABA ua haujlwm uas ua kom tsis nco qab neurotransmitter tab sis hloov tom qab mus rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. GABA nthuav tawm kev kub ntxhov siab, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev ua kom tsis haum, ua kom lub siab so thiab txo qis kev ntxhov siab hauv chaw soj ntsuam. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txo cov neuronal excitability thoob plaws hauv cov leeg hlwb. GABA raug muag raws li kev noj haus ntxiv.
lub npe | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) hmoov |
CAS | 56-12-2 |
purity | 98% |
Tshuaj lub npe | 4-Aminobutyric acid |
Synonyms | GABA; df468; gamma; (2D2); (3B7); Gammar; Immu-G; Reanal; DF 468; Gamarex |
molecular Formula | C4H9NO2 |
molecular Nyhav | 103.12 |
Melting Point | 195 ° C (txiav txim siab.) (Lit.) |
InChI Qhov Tseem Ceeb | BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
daim ntawv | hmoov |
tsos | Dawb lossis lub teeb Daj |
Ib Sim Neej | / |
solubility | H2O: 1 M ntawm 20 ° C, ntshiab, tsis muaj xim |
cia mob | Khaws hauv RT. |
Daim ntawv thov | Ib qho tseem ceeb inhibitory neurotransmitter. |
Kuaj Cov Ntaub Ntawv | Qhov |
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) hmoov yog tus thawj ntawm cov khoom siv neurotransmitter nyob hauv lub hlwb mammalian nruab nrab lub paj hlwb. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tswj hwm neuronal excitability thoob plaws hauv cov leeg hlwb. Hauv tib neeg, GABA kuj yog lub luag haujlwm ncaj qha rau cov kev cai ntawm cov leeg nqaij. Txawm hais tias kev siv tshuaj yog nws yog cov amino acid, GABA hmoov tsis tshua tau hais txog hauv zej zog cov kws tshawb fawb lossis kev kho mob, vim hais tias lo lus "amino acid," siv tsis muaj kev paub tab, conventionally hais txog alpha amino acids, uas GABA tsis yog, tsis yog nws puas tau koom rau hauv ib lub protein. Hauv tib neeg mob dasticgia rau hauv tib neeg, GABA qhov kev nqus yuav ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg puas los ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub cev muaj zog neuron lesion, uas ua rau hypertonia ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv tau taw los ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas tsis tuaj yeem nqus GABA.
Xyoo 1883, GABA tau tsim ua ntej, thiab nws tau paub ua ntej tsuas yog cog thiab microbe cov khoom lag luam metabolic.
Hauv xyoo 1950, GABA tau tshawb pom tias yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hlab hlwb hauv cov leeg tsiaj.
Xyoo 1959, nws tau qhia tias ntawm ib qho kev txwv tsis pub ua rau ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntses muaj zog GABA ua zoo li kev ua kom lub ntsej muag inhibitory. Ob qho tib si inhibition los ntawm kev txhawb cov hlab thiab siv GABA yog thaiv los ntawm picrotoxin.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) tej zaum sawv cev rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov khoom xa hluav taws xob ntawm mammalian CNS (kuj saib Tshooj 15). Ob hom GABAergic inhibition (pre- thiab postsynaptic) siv tib qho GABAA receptor subtype, uas ua los ntawm cov kev cai ntawm chloride channel ntawm lub neuronal membrane. Qhov thib ob GABA receptor yam, GABAB, uas yog G protein – txuas ntxiv receptor tsis suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm hypnotics. Kev ua kom muaj GABAA receptor los ntawm agonist tsub kom qhov kev tiv thaiv kom zoo cov lus teb ntawm cov neurons nruab nrab rau GABA los ntawm hyperpolarization. Vim tias muaj ntau, yog tias tsis yog txhua txhua, lub hauv paus neurons tau txais qee GABAergic cov tswv yim, qhov no ua rau muaj kev coj ua uas CNS cov haujlwm yuav muaj kev nyuaj siab. Piv txwv li, yog tias GABAergic interneurons ua haujlwm los ntawm agonist uas cuam tshuam rau monoaminergic cov qauv ntawm lub paj hlwb, txoj haujlwm hypnotic yuav raug pom. Cov neuronal tshwj xeeb hauv cov cheeb tsam sib txawv paj hlwb raug cuam tshuam los ntawm GABAA agonist tseem tau txhais zoo dua.
GABA ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb thiab lub paj hlwb los ntawm kev ua kom tsis txhob muaj cov neurons ua haujlwm hauv lub hlwb. Ib qho dhau heev ntawm norepinephrine / adrenaline tuaj yeem ua rau peb lub hlwb muaj kev nplua nuj ntau ntawm kev ntxhov siab, kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev ntshai.
Peb lub cev ntse hauv qhov xwm txheej no, thiab yuav ua haujlwm kom nruab nrab qhov no los ntawm kev tso GABA, uas yuav txwv tau qhov adrenaline ntxiv. Ntxiv rau GABA kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem mus ntev ntev los pab lub cev hauv qhov kev txwv no, thiab dhau ib hmo dhau ntawm kev pov lub cev thiab tig rov qab.
Yog tias tsis muaj GABA, cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb tau tua ntau thiab ntau zaus, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab txawm tias ib yam li kev quav, mob taub hau, thiab Parkinson tus mob.
Rau kev tawm dag zog:
Kev pw tsaug zog yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg ncaws pob vim qhov no yog lub sijhawm thaum rov zoo. Cov neeg tawm dag zog tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm GABA siv los pab lawv so tom qab ua haujlwm ruaj khov, thiab pab lawv pw tsaug zog zoo dua yog ib feem ntawm kev txhawb ntxiv.
GABA ntxiv raws li:
Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov lag luam muag muag formulations ntawm GABA rau kev siv ua khoom noj khoom haus muaj txiaj ntsig, qee zaum rau kev tswj hwm sublingual. Cov chaw no ib txwm hais tias qhov ntxiv tau muaj qhov ntsuas kom zoo. Cov kev thov no tseem tsis tau muaj pov thawj ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Piv txwv li, muaj cov pov thawj qhia tias cov teebmeem raug mob ntawm GABA tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub hlwb tom qab kev tswj hwm ntawm GABA ua qhov ncauj ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj pov thawj tias GABA tsis hla ntshav - lub hlwb teeb meem ntawm theem tseem ceeb.
Muaj qee qhov kev yuav pem khw xws li phenylated GABA nws tus kheej, lossis Phenibut; thiab Picamilon (ob qho tib si khoom ntawm cosmonaut) - Picamilon sib xyaw niacin thiab phenylated GABA thiab hla ntshav – lub hlwb cuam tshuam uas yog cov khoom tiv thaiv uas tom qab hydrolyzes mus rau GABA thiab niacin.
ntau npaum:
Yog tias koj khiav GABA tib leeg, qhov tshuaj yuav tuaj yeem muaj li 250mg txog 750mg ib hnub. Raws li ib feem ntawm ib qho kev ntxiv cov nqaj cov tshuaj feem ntau muaj qis dua vim tias lawv ua haujlwm hauv qhov sib txuam nrog lwm cov khoom xyaw xws li melatonin.